Table 1 The different areas and scales used for the simulations

1

Newcastle

4 km²

2 m

Rainfall

See rainfall

36

city centre

events 1-36

events

2

Newcastle

4 km²

1 m

Rainfall

See rainfall

36

city centre

events 1-36

events

3

Newcastle

4 km²

0.5 m

Rainfall

See rainfall

36

city centre

events 1-36

events

4

Newcastle

4 km²

2 m

Hypothetical

2 hrs

1

city centre

flood wave

5

Whole Newcastle

120 km²

4 m

Rainfall

See rainfall

36

City Council area

events 1-36

events

6

Thames

∼1100 km²

15 m

Tidal surge

33 hrs

2

estuary

water level

and 21 hrs