Table 2 SUMO and NS-2 Parameters Considered in Simulations

SUMO version

0.31

Number of vehicles

20, 30, 50, 80, 120

Parking duration (seconds)

600, 1200, 1800, 2400, 3000 (10 - 50 minutes) [10]

Simulation time

3600 seconds (60 minutes)

Maximum speed of a vehicle

10km/h, 20km/h, 30km/h, 40km/h,

50km/h, 70km/h, 90km/h, 110km/h

Acceleration

2.6 m/s² (default)

Deceleration

4.5 m/s² (default)

Sigma

0.5 (default)

Length of vehicle

5 m (default)

Vehicle class

Passenger (default)

Number of parking spaces

30

Simulation area

650 m x 750 m

NS-2 version

2.35

Number of nodes

20, 30, 50, 80, 120

Pause time (seconds)

600, 1200, 1800, 2400, 3000 (10, 20, 30, 40, 50 minutes)

Simulation time

3600 seconds (60 minutes)

Routing protocols

DSDV, FSR, AODV, DSR, DREAM, LAR

Traffic type

File Transfer Protocol (FTP) and Constant Bit Rate (CBR)

Channel type

Wireless

Radio propagation model - Path Loss Exponent (γ) - Standard Deviation (σ) - Reference Distance (d₀)

Nakagami 1.68 1.7 10 m

Mobility model

SUMO generated mobility traces

Simulation area

Simulation area 650 m x 750 m

MAC Protocol

IEEE 802.11p

Antenna model

Omni-antenna

Packet size

512 bytes

TCP variant

Reno TCP

Maximum packet in interface queue

50

Receiver’s window size

125 packets