Table 1 Comparison of mechanisms for Public Honesty Verification with group customer repudiation

Tian et al. 2019 [31]

Public auditing for distributed cloud data with adept and reliable cluster management

The computational cost is significantly reduced in the verification phase.

Supports individuality privacy, data privacy and individuality trackability.

Low communication cost.

Shen et al. 2019 [27]

Individuality-based integrity auditing and information sharing with sensitive information hiding for reliable cloud repository.

The computation costs of TPA and CSP is higher with the increase of challenged blocks.

Supports information sharing with sensitive information hiding.

Computation cost of TPA in proof verification is high.

Jin et al. 2018 [16]

Dynamic and public auditing with fair negotiation for cloud information.

The scheme introduces additional overhead of data dynamics

Supports public verifiability, efficient data dynamics and fair disputes arbitration.

Reasonable overhead of data dynamics and dispute arbitration.

Tian et al. 2017 [30]

Public auditing mechanism for protected cloud repository based on Dynamic Hash Table (DHT).

The scheme has lower costs of storage, communication and computation.

Achieves higher updating efficiency and secure auditing.

Does not support various types of cloud data.

Xu et al. 2016 [41]

Multi-authority inter-mediary re-encryption based on CPABE for distributed repository system.

MPRE−CPABE reduces the estimation cost of the creation of key components.

Small reckoning cost of key allocation.

Additional computational period in Setup phase.

Wang et al. 2015 [39]

Public auditing for shared information with adept user renunciation.

No communication overhead to existing customers during customer repudiation, cloud has reduced computation cost.

Secure customer repudiation, public auditing.

Collusion of repudiated customer and cloud.

CRUPA

Collusion Resistant User Revocable Public Auditing of Shared Data in Cloud(CRUPA)

Significant improvement in computation cost of Re−sign key by information proprietor, low processing time in Setup phase.

Supports multi-owner batch auditing, efficient customer revocation.

Average auditing time cost is more.