Fig. 4

TR time for perfect virtualization mode, where μ=0.0011 task/sec, α=0.63, c=40 sec, ξ=20 sec, and ψ=10 sec. a TR time versus the task inter-generation λ. b TR time versus the off-loading threshold τ. c TR time versus the number of TDs N. d TR time versus the number of VMs m