Table 1 Related work main contributions

Chiregi and Jafari [25]

A systematic literature review on the state-of-the-art of trust evaluation mechanisms. They compared 28 studies in terms of integrity, security, reliability, dependability, safety, dynamicity, confidentiality, and scalability. (They address the dependence of such controls to the architecture and the missing of multi-cloud approaches to security)

El-Gazzar [26]

A study on the key issues related to the adoption of cloud computing including migration processes and techniques towards cloud computing, security and trust in the cloud and cloud monitoring (did not analyze multi-cloud specific issues while coping with independent heterogeneous architectures)

Kratzke and Quint [27]

A systematic mapping study on cloud native applications a systematic mapping study on cloud native applications (did not analyze multi-cloud specific issues)

Liaqat et al. [20]

A review on federated resource management functions in multiple clouds, classified into resource pricing, resource discovery, resource selection, resource monitoring, resource allocation, and disaster management.

Petcu [28]

Multi-cloud main requirements were identified and discussed, from an architectural perspective (not service and application level). They just highlighted the need of native-multi-cloud application to face different issues.

Tomarchio et al. [29], Lahmar and Mezni [30], Vakili and Navimipour [31]

Studies on federated resource management functions. Multi-cloud is not explicitly tackled.

Ward and Barker [32]

A survey on monitoring tools for cloud resources (did not analyze multi-cloud specific issues while coping with independent heterogeneous architectures).

Hamzehloui et al. [33], Niknejad et al. [34], Soldani et al. [35]

Studies on different methods and approaches for the decomposition of the application into isolated software units are described, classified, and analysed. The multi-cloud deployments of these kinds of applications are not tackled.