Time series forecasting model for non-stationary series pattern extraction using deep learning and GARCH modeling

Journal of Cloud Computing

Advances, Systems and Applications

Table 3 Statistical description of AQI and air pollutant patterns 2017–2021

		Statistical analysis of air pollutants						Mean change from previous year (%)
Year	Analysis
		AQI	CO	NO₂	O₃	PM10	PM2.5	AQI	CO	NO₂	O₃	PM10	PM2.5
	max	278.42	2.44	264.33	155.04	380.71	223.54
	min	13.23	0.21	14.08	5.88	8.00	5.92
2021	mean	51.57	0.74	40.76	58.47	55.57	28.90	15.81%	-5.13%	0.41%	17.96%	18.83%	17.22%
	std	29.09	0.27	27.90	27.21	41.59	23.21
	median	44.65	0.68	34.88	55.00	44.03	22.29
	max	127.83	1.56	119.25	130.42	197.21	89.38
	min	11.13	0.39	12.17	2.91	5.63	3.83
2020	mean	44.52	0.78	40.61	49.61	46.76	24.66	-18.97%	-17.03%	-11.93%	-13.12%	-19.74%	-27.02%
	std	18.90	0.20	17.67	25.25	25.80	14.00
	median	41.44	0.74	37.81	47.21	40.44	21.72
	max	136.71	1.83	155.33	176.8	181.78	102.79
	min	18.86	0.45	2.70	3.14	8.42	7.92
2019	mean	54.87	0.94	46.08	57.08	58.20	33.80	-7.33%	6.83%	-23.05%	26.85%	-3.81%	-13.17%
	std	21.97	0.26	28.49	34.11	32.38	17.29
	median	50.42	0.88	45.53	54.63	50.00	30.54
	max	245.5	2.78	264.43	121.92	263.54	195.63
	min	18.17	0.48	15.71	2.00	10.94	7.96
2018	mean	59.21	0.88	59.84	45.02	60.51	38.89	-6.06%	-4.36%	32.79%	-10.21%	-8.27%	-6.79%
	std	29.78	0.25	25.16	26.24	33.40	24.33
	median	53.20	0.85	54.84	42.10	51.96	32.67
	max	278.71	2.35	213.46	126.00	294.75	229.92
	min	17.42	0.37	4.13	2.33	7.67	7.13
2017	mean	63.00	0.92	45.09	50.15	65.95	41.67
	std	33.90	0.27	32.70	27.26	39.32	27.96
	median	57.04	0.90	39.92	48.46	58.06	35.70